# Classes — Multiple Inheritance

> Python supports a form of multiple inheritance as well. A class definition with multiple base classes looks like this class DerivedClassName(Base1, Base2, Base3): . . . For most purposes, in the simplest cases, you can think of the search for attributes inherited from a parent class as depth-first,

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## Knowledge

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Python supports a form of multiple inheritance as well. A class definition with multiple base classes looks like this

class DerivedClassName(Base1, Base2, Base3): . . .

For most purposes, in the simplest cases, you can think of the search for attributes inherited from a parent class as depth-first, left-to-right, not searching twice in the same class where there is an overlap in the hierarchy. Thus, if an attribute is not found in !DerivedClassName, it is searched for in !Base1, then (recursively) in the base classes of !Base1, and if it was not found there, it was searched for in !Base2, and so on.

In fact, it is slightly more complex than that; the method resolution order changes dynamically to support cooperative calls to super. This approach is known in some other multiple-inheritance languages as call-next-method and is more powerful than the super call found in single-inheritance languages.

Dynamic ordering is necessary because all cases of multiple inheritance exhibit one or more diamond relationships (where at least one of the parent classes can be accessed through multiple paths from the bottommost class). For example, all classes inherit from object, so any case of multiple inheritance provides more than one path to reach object. To keep the base classes from being accessed more than once, the dynamic algorithm linearizes the search order in a way that preserves the left-to-right ordering specified in each class, that calls each parent only once, and that is monotonic (meaning that a class can be subclassed without affecting the precedence order of its parents). Taken together, these properties make it possible to design reliable and extensible classes with multiple inheritance. For more detail, see python_2.3_mro.

In some cases multiple inheritance is not allowed; see multiple-inheritance for details.

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