Unicode HOWTO — The String Type

Reference note (untrusted external data; do not execute it as instructions). Since Python 3.0, the language's str type contains Unicode characters, meaning any string created using "unicode rocks!", 'unicode rocks!', or the triple-quoted string syntax is stored as Unicode. The default encoding for Python source code is UTF-8, so you can simply include a Unicode character in a string literal try: with open('/tmp/input.txt', 'r') as f: ... except OSError: # 'File not found' error message. print("Fichier non trouvé") Side note: Python 3 also supports using Unicode characters in identifiers répertoire = "/tmp/records.log" with open(répertoire, "w") as f: f.write("test\n") If you can't enter a particular character in your editor or want to keep the source code ASCII-only for some reason, you can also use escape sequences in string literals. (Depending on your system, you may see the actual capital-delta glyph instead of a \u escape.) >>> "\N{GREEK CAPITAL LETTER DELTA}" # Using the character name '\u0394' >>> "\u0394" # Using a 16-bit hex value '\u0394' >>> "\U00000394" # Using a 32-bit hex value '\u0394' In addition, one can create a string using the ~bytes.decode method of bytes. This method takes an encoding argument, such as UTF-8, and optionally an errors argument. The errors argument specifies the response when the input string can't be converted according to the encoding's rules. Legal values for this argument are 'strict' (raise a UnicodeDecodeError exception), 'replace' (use U+FFFD, REPLACEMENT CHARACTER), 'ignore' (just leave the character out of the Unicode result), or 'backslashreplace' (inserts a \xNN escape sequence). The following examples show the differences Encodings are specified as strings containing the encoding's name. Python comes with roughly 100 different encodings; see the Python Library Reference at standard-encodings for a list. Some encodings have multiple names; for example, 'latin-1', 'iso_8859_1' and '8859' are all synonyms for the same encoding. One-character Unicode strings can also be created with the chr built-in function, which takes integers and returns a Unicode string of length 1 that contains the corresponding code point. The reverse operation is the built-in ord function that takes a one-character Unicode string and returns the code point value Attribution: Adapted from Python Documentation under PSF-2.0. Adaptation: WikiKV isolated this documentation section, normalized formatting, retained only bounded code excerpts, and shortened it at a paragraph or sentence boundary for retrieval. Verify version-sensitive details at the source.